Link Budget for wireless communication

RF Link Budget Calculator

RF Link Budget analysis is an essential step in designing a reliable wireless communication system. It accounts for all the gains and losses from the transmitter, through the medium, to the receiver.

1. Effective Isotropic Radiated Power (EIRP):

EIRP (dBm) = P_tx + G_tx - L_tx

Where:
P_tx = Transmit Power (in dBm)
G_tx = Transmit Antenna Gain (in dBi)
L_tx = Cable/Connector Losses at Transmitter (in dB)

2. Free Space Path Loss (FSPL):

FSPL (dB) = 20·log₁₀(d) + 20·log₁₀(f) + 32.44

Where:
d = Distance between transmitter and receiver (in km)
f = Frequency of transmission (in MHz)
The constant 32.44 accounts for unit conversions and speed of light in free space.

3. Received Power (Prx):

Prx (dBm) = EIRP - FSPL - L_m + G_rx - L_rx

Where:
L_m = Miscellaneous Losses (e.g., fading, polarization mismatch)
G_rx = Receiver Antenna Gain (in dBi)
L_rx = Cable/Connector Losses at Receiver (in dB)

Transmitter Power (Ptx in dBm): Transmitter Antenna Gain (Gtx in dBi): Transmitter Cable Loss (Ltx in dB): Distance (d in km): Frequency (f in MHz): Miscellaneous Losses (Lm in dB): Receiver Antenna Gain (Grx in dBi): Receiver Cable Loss (Lrx in dB):